VILLA LANTE To BAGNAIA (VITERBO):
Lante villa is one of the greater realizations of the 1500's
Italian. To remember in particular way Fountains of the
Moors of the Giambologna, the two mansions (Gambara and
Montalto) and a spectacular system of the Fountains and
water games beyond to a beautiful park. All the Villa (between
garden to the Italian and park) occupies the surface of
22 hectares. The extraordinary particularitity of Lante
Villa is inborn in the great of the garden regarding the
architectonic work in fact the residence double in two small
buildings twin (even if constructed in various times) symmetrical
regarding the axis centers them of the garden that dominates
the entire composition through the water distance.
WATER GEOMETRIES OF VILLA
LANTE To BAGNAIA: The water is born from a triumph
of geometries designed from evergreen plants and lava stone
statues and follows a distance that creates river basins
and particular games of water. To signal also a lava stone
table with a fresh stream that crosses it in means in order
to hold fresh yields and during the meal of the ancient
owners. The Garden of Villa Lante is therefore a created
and intentional place bewitched from a powerful cardinal
in name of the supremacy of the man on the nature. Sluice
in a rigorous geometric labyrinth work of architect Jacopo
Barozzi from Vignola, Villa Lante was constructed in the
second half of the 1500's for wanting of Gambara cardinal,
to attacked of a forest already game preserve. The Villa
is crossed longitudinally from a stream that gushes out
up from the cliff and follows the slope of the land, taking
advantage of some the unevenness and joining together them
with terraces and the Fontanels until placers in the square
of Fountains of the Moors.
VILLA LANTE - FOUNTAINS OF
THE MOORS: E' a water mirror that elegant balustrades
subdivide in four river basins on which a boat with a putty
floats water spray and to the centre a triple circle of
culminating bathtubs in the group of the four Moors who
resist the coat of arms of Pope Sisto V.
VILLA LANTE - The GARDEN:
Since the income embraces the sight of the entire garden.
The two symmetrical mansions, to square plant seem not to
want to interrupt the water flow, natural element and true
protagonist of the Villa, that it comes down with sudden
start even if channelled between it makes us of a crustacean
in lava stone symbol of Gambara cardinal or collected in
Fountains of the Giants picture of the Arno and the Tevere.
Villa Lante is found to Bagnaia to single 4 Km. from Viterbo
and it is one of the examples more meant you than garden
to the Italian, with two mansions and the its wonderful
artistic Fountains.
VILLA LANTE - FOUNTAINS Of
the CHAIN: a large water amount flows down and
comes down tumultuous through Fountains of the Chain, hopping
in the envelope wrapped and attached of the crustacean (brand
of Gambara Cardinal) like constituting a crystalline water
chain and they exit in Fountains of the Giants, representative
the rivers Tevere and Arno (that is the good relationships
between the papacy of Medical Rome and the family of Florence)
is the age of the reason (or Giove), in which the man she
is called to fight with its forces in order to dominate
the nature in order then to calm in Fountains of the Table
(or Table of the Cardinal) like constituting, of shapes
and transparencies, one table with crystalline table cloth.
The water resumes its race then and goes to water spray
in Fontana of the Lumini, like forming many flames of silver-plated
candles.
THE CONSTRUCTIONS TO THE
INSIDE OF VILLA LANTE: In the plan the construction
of the two villas was previewed, but only one was made to
construct, in 1566, from card. the Gambara. To the inner
conserve wonderful ceilings to boxes, putty and fresh valuable,
some representing Villa D' Este, the Palace Farnese of Caprarola,
the Palace of Capodimonte and Villa Lante as it was to the
origin. The other villa, call Montalto Mansion, for the
name of the cardinal who made it to construct, came finished
in 1590 with frescoes of several authors and an important
decorated ceiling to boxes.
Young cardinal Francisco Gambara,
descendant from one noble family born in brescia, thanks
to the protection of the Farnese (the mother was the vedova
of Ranuccio Farnese), obtained the title it of Bishop of
Bagnaia in 1566 but taken single possession in 1568 and
immediately planned the realization of its Lante Villa to
Bagnaia demanding to the Farnese the service of their Vignola
architect. In the 1573 cardinal it already could reside
to you but the jobs continued until 1578 (as it on purpose
remembers the date on a fregio of the casino said Gambara
Mansion), given of the visit of Gregorio XIII. The architecture
of the cottages constructed symmetrically on the clivio
to the end of a terraces to the inside of Villa Lante in
Bagnaia turns out more elegant and simple much regarding
coeve the villa of Este and palace Farnese in Caprarola
and it is inspired of the bramantesco model of the Lookout
from which Vignola it drew evidently directed inspiration
resuming from the previous experience of Caprarola some
elements of the Casino of the Barco but leaving much more
space the garden that to Bagnaia carries out the protagonist
role. The inner decoration came finished in time for the
visit of Gregorio XIII in 1578, the program and the direction
of the jobs is attributed to Raffaellino from Reggio, already
present in the palace Farnese of Caprarola.
This dependency
of cardinal the Gambara from the very more powerful Farnese
family is emphasized from all the realization of its residence
of Bagnaia and returns expressed on the walls of the loggia
of the Association of Bologna where is represents landscapes
to you of Caprarola with the Farnese palace and the villa
of the Barco with to one seen of villa of Este and Lante
Villa to Bagnaia.
Thematically tied to this celebration
of the families Farnese, Este and Gambara are also the paintings
of the time that represent the birth of four constellations
second the astronomical conviction of Igino and in relation
to the three over name families: over the view of Villa
of Este Ercole and the dragone in the garden of the Esperidi
it represents the birth of the constellation of the snake;
over Farnese palace to Caprarola Orione and the scorpion
constellation is both legacies to one; over the Barco Giove
it defeats the giants accompanied from the Aquila (an enterprise
of the Farnese was constituted from the lightning with which
Giove murdered the Giants); finally over Villa Lante Ercole
the Idra and with it a granchio reached in aid of the monster
(in reference kills the constellation of the cancer but
also to the gambero, symbol of the cardinal).
In with therefore
the inner decoration of the loggia of Bagnaia it entire
seems to be imprinted to the previous models of the drawing-room
of Villa of Este and of it knows it of Ercole to Caprarola,
but the outside differs for a greater order spaces them
that ago hinge on an axis centre emphasized them from one
to ollow it self from which comes down the water, from a
of marble table and finally from Fountains with great bathtub
mails to the centre of the first devised terraced and according
to ancient models as small lake rising with island centre
them.
CITTÀ DI VITERBO
